What is the Advantages and Disadvantages of D.C. (Direct Current) and A.C. (Alternating Current) Transmission System?
The electrical energy transmission can
be transmitted either by means of DC- Direct Current or AC- Alternating Current each system has its own advantages and disadvantages. From that
point of view, we want to discuss today the technical advantages and
disadvantages of the two electrical energy transmission systems for of electric
power network.
D.C. Energy Transmission System
From the couple of years past, engineers
in transmission sector are rethinking the DC electric transmission system. DC electric
power transmission has been receiving the active consideration due to its
numerous advantages as bellow:
Advantages of DC Electrical Energy Transmission System.
The high voltage DC energy
transmission has the following advantages over the high voltage AC energy
transmission system.
(i) DC system requires only two
conductors comparing to three for AC transmission;
(ii) In DC transmission system
there is no presence of inductance, capacitance, phase displacement and surge
problems comparing AC transmission system;
(iii) In DC electric transmission
line has better voltage regulation comparing AC system due to the absence of
inductance. For a particular same load the voltage drop in a DC transmission
line is less than the AC;
(iv) The total conductor cross
section of the transmission line is utilized due to their no skin effect in a DC
system;
(v) For the same working voltage,
the potential stress on the insulation is less in case of DC system than that
in AC system. So, a DC line requires less insulation;
(vi) There in a DC line has less corona loss and reduced interference with communication circuits;
(vii) The high voltage DC transmission is free from the dielectric
losses, particularly in the case of cables;
(viii) In DC transmission system, there are no stability
problems and synchronizing difficulties comparing AC system.
You may read the another article to know details about D.C. transmission and distribution:
You may read the another article to know details about D.C. transmission and distribution:
HVDC Transmission and Distribution System Network
Disadvantages of DC Electrical Energy Transmission System
The high voltage DC energy
transmission has the following dis advantages over the high voltage AC energy
transmission system.
(i) Due to commutation problems the electric power cannot be generated at high DC voltage that is one of the disadvantage of DC system;
(ii) Stepped up or stepped down in electric energy transmission system is an important factor, but in the DC voltage cannot be stepped up for transmission of power at high voltages;
(iii) The DC switches and circuit breakers have their own limitations.
(i) Due to commutation problems the electric power cannot be generated at high DC voltage that is one of the disadvantage of DC system;
(ii) Stepped up or stepped down in electric energy transmission system is an important factor, but in the DC voltage cannot be stepped up for transmission of power at high voltages;
(iii) The DC switches and circuit breakers have their own limitations.
A.C. Energy Transmission System
Now-a-days, most of electrical
energy transmission system is in Alternating Current or AC system. Exclusively
generation, transmission and distribution system is popular in all over the
world.
Advantages of AC Electrical Energy Transmission System
(i) It is easy and can be generated at high voltages AC
electric power system;
(ii) The maintenance of AC sub-stations is easy and cheaper
than DC transmission system;
(iii) The AC voltage can be stepped
up or stepped down by transformers with ease and efficiency that is not
possible in DC energy transmission system. This permits to transmit power at high
voltages and distribute it at safe potentials in AC electric transmission
system.
Disadvantages of AC Electrical Energy
Transmission System
(i) An AC transmission conductor copper is required more
copper than a DC transmission line;
(ii) The construction of AC transmission electric line
network is more complicated than a DC transmission electric line network;
(iii) Due to skin effect in the AC system, the effective resistance
of the line is increased;
(iv) The AC line system has
capacitance. Therefore, there is a continuous loss of power due to charging current
even when the line is open.
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