How Does Air Blast Circuit Breaker Work?

What is Circuit Breaker?

We have to be very careful when doing any electrical work so that there is no damage. Similarly, any electrical equipment is considered before its use and its safety. That's why a circuit breaker is used on that device. So if there is any type of fault in the device. So that circuit breaker should shut down its supply and prevent us from damaging it.

The circuit breaker is the only switch that provides protection. Which, when there is a malfunction in the circuit, separates the circuit from the supply. When the switch is turned on or off. The more current at its contact points causes more sparkling. Which can melt contact points and cause an accident with the person operating the switch. The switch used at high voltage is specially made. The sparking that occurs when switching on or off is automatically quenched. This type of special switch is called circuit breaker.

Circuit breakers 5A, designed to work from 230V to several thousand amperes, 440V Circuit breakers are mainly of three types.

1. Air Circuit Breaker, ACB
2. Oil Circuit Breaker, OCB
3. Air Blast Circuit Breaker, ABCB

Air Circuit Breaker (ACB)

This type of circuit breaker is used for low voltage. This circuit breaker is used for double pole and triple pole. These circuit breakers are operated manually, whose terminals move in air, hence these are called air circuit breakers. In the series of poles an overload release coil is attached. This coil is set at a fixed temperature if overload or short, If the current value exceeds the value set in Kabyle, it closes the quill circuit breaker automatically, thereby protecting the circuit.

Oil Circuit Breaker (OCB)

This type of circuit breaker is used to close or turn lines up to high voltage. It is also operated manually. The contact points of these circuit breakers are submerged in oil, so the mobile circuit breaker is used for some reason. Is generated and the circuit breaker is sparking, so that the oil evaporates and bubbles are generated and when the circuit When the tipu rejoins, the bubbles are eliminated from the spotting generated

1. Oil acts as insulating between contact points
2. Oil eliminates sparking
3. Oil provides cooling by sparking the energy by which the contact points become cold

Loss of oil circuit breaker
1. Oil starts to catch fire when overheating
2. Oil is heated when vapors are produced which combine with the air to form an explosion mixture
3. The oil has to be kept clean and its levels have to be checked repeatedly

Air Blast Circuit Breaker
Air blast circuit breaker is used to work at a voltage above 11KV because the oil circuit breaker at a voltage above 11KV is afraid of exploding or catching fire due to the evaporation of oil. In large circuits, an air blast circuit breaker is used in which the pressure of air is prevented from forming sparking. Grams per centimeter is used separately to create air pressure in the circuit breaker. When the circuit breaker turns the circuit on or off, it produces the sound of explosion, hence it is called air blast circuit breaker. There are mainly three types of circuit breakers.
The air blast circuit breaker used compressed air or gas as a means of disrupting the arc. In aerial explosion, the circuit breaker compressed air is stored in a tank and released through a nozzle to produce a high-velocity jet; It is used to extinguish the arch. Air blast circuit breaker is used for indoor services in medium to high voltage field and medium breakage capacity. Typically up to a voltage of 15 kV and a breakdown capacity of 2500 mVA. The air blast circuit breaker is now employed in high voltage circuits in the outdoor switch yard for 220 kV lines.

Although gases such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, freon or hydrogen are used as arc interrupting medium, compressed air gas is the accepted circuit breaking medium for blast circuit breakers. The reasons are below.

The ability to break the circuit of nitrogen is similar to that of compressed air and therefore there is no use to it. The carbon dioxide valve and other restricted routes have the drawback of being difficult to control and freeze. Ferran has high dielectric strength and good arc extinguishing properties, but it is expensive, and it decomposes into acid forming element by acid. There are desirable features found in air blast circuit breakers

High-speed operation - On large interconnected networks this is very important so that system stability is maintained. This is achieved in the circuit breaker because the time interval between the discharge trigger impulse and the contact isolation is very short.

Repeated operation for suitability - Repeated switching by air blast circuit is possible only due to absence of oil, which carbonates with fast continuous operation and because of wear and tear on current-carrying contact surfaces. Is a trivial quantity. But it should be remembered that if frequent switching is estimated, maintenance of an adequate air supply is essential.

Negative Maintenance - The ability to switch to an air blast circuit breaker to deal with frequent switching also means that negligible maintenance is required.
Elimination of Fire Hazard - The absence of oil eliminates the risk of fire.

Size reduction - The development of dielectric strength in air blast circuit breakers is so rapid that the final gap required for arc extinction is very small. This reduces the size of the equipment.

The theory of arc extinction in the circuit breaker

Air Blast requires an additional compressed air system that supplies air to the air receiver. When air is needed to open, compressed air is accepted into the arc extinction chamber. This pushes contacts away. In doing so, the contacts are separated, and the air blast moves away from the ionized gas with it and assures an arc extinction.

The air blast extinguishes one or more chakras within the arc, and the arc chamber is filled with high-pressure air, which prevents restart. Air blast circuit breakers fall into the category of external extinguisher energy type. The energy supplied for arc quenching is obtained from high-pressure air, and it is free from being interrupted by the current.

Axial Blast Air Circuit Breaker
Radial Blast Air Circuit Breaker
3.Cross Blast Air Circuit Breaker

Advantages of Air Blast Circuit Breaker
1. There is no fear of fire due to sparking in them
2.The contact point in them works quickly due to air pressure
3. They do not require much care
4. Their method of operation is simple

Disadvantages of air blast circuit
1. They may have air leakage
2. Air-compressor requires separate care
3. They are sensitive.

In this post we have tried to give you the complete information about the type of circuit breaker, what is air circuit breaker vacuum circuit breaker circuit breaker in hindi oil circuit breaker miniature circuit breaker circuit breaker types vacuum circuit breaker in hindi if you have any questions. Or if you have suggestions, please comment below.