AC and DC Motors Types

 

Motor Types Block Diagram

Common Types of AC and DC Motors

An AC motor can be defined as an electric motor that is driven by an alternating current (AC). A DC motor is also a rotatory electric motor that converts Direct current (DC energy) into mechanical energy. 

An electrical motor is mainly classified into three types.

1. AC Motors.
2. DC Motors.
3. Special Motors.

Farther it can be divided into 4 types as follow:

AC motors are mainly of two types – synchronous AC motors and induction motors.

1. Synchronous
2. Asynchronous(Induction)
3. Brushed
4. Brushless

DC Motor may be divided into the following 4 ways

1. Permanent Magnet DC Motors. The permanent magnet motor uses a permanent magnet to create field flux. 
2. Series DC Motors. In a series DC motor, the field is wound with a few turns of a large wire carrying the full armature current. ...
3. Shunt DC Motors.
4. Compound DC Motors.

What is Electric Motor?

ANS. An electric motor is an electrochemical device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. Most electric motors operate through the interaction of a magnetic field and current-carrying conductors to generate force.

Two essential parts of a motor

An electric motor consists of two major parts, 

rotor and stator.

 Advantages and Disadvantages of AC and DC Motors

Advantages of AC Motors:

1. Low cost,
2. long life,
3. high efficiency,
4. large ratings available (to 1 MW or more),
5. a large number of standardized types.

Disadvantages of AC Motors:

1. Starting inrush current can be high,
2. speed control requires a variable frequency source.

Advantages of DC Motors:

1. Precision positioning,
2. High holding torque,
3. Long lifespan,
4. Low maintenance,
5. High efficiency.

Disadvantages of DC Motors:

1. Some can be costly,
2. Require a controller,
3. Higher initial cost,
4. Requires a controller.